Understanding Atrial Flutter and Heart Rate

Introduction

Atrial flutter is a type of abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) that originates in the atria (the upper chambers of the heart). It is caused by a reentrant electrical loop that leads to a rapid and regular heartbeat.

Heart Rate in Atrial Flutter

  • The atria in atrial flutter typically contract at a rate of 250–350 beats per minute (bpm) .
  • However, the heart's natural filtering system (the atrioventricular node) does not allow all impulses to reach the ventricles.
  • As a result, a common ventricular response rate is 150 bpm (2:1 conduction), but it can be 75 bpm (4:1 conduction) or other variations .

Symptoms of Atrial Flutter

  • Palpitations (fast, pounding heartbeats)
  • Shortness of breath
  • Dizziness or fainting
  • Fatigue

Risk Factors and Possible Comorbidities

Atrial flutter often occurs in people with: - Hypertension (high blood pressure) - Coronary artery disease - Heart failure - Chronic lung disease - Diabetes - Hyperthyroidism

Treatment Options

1. Rate Control

  • Beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers can help slow the ventricular rate.

    2. Rhythm Control

  • Medications (antiarrhythmics such as amiodarone, flecainide)

  • Electrical cardioversion (delivering a shock to restore normal rhythm)

    3. Ablation Therapy

  • The most effective long-term treatment is catheter ablation, which targets the abnormal circuit causing atrial flutter.

    4. Anticoagulation (Blood Thinners)

  • To reduce stroke risk, especially in patients with additional risk factors.

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience persistent palpitations, dizziness, or shortness of breath, consult a healthcare provider immediately.

Source recommendations

1. American Heart Association Guidelines on Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter

  1. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/atrial-fibrillation/what-is-atrial-fibrillation-afib-or-af/atrial-flutter
  2. https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001193
  3. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/atrial-fibrillation
  4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38033089/
  5. https://professional.heart.org/en/science-news/2023-acc-aha-accp-hrs-guideline-for-the-diagnosis-and-management-of-atrial-fibrillation

2. European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation

  1. https://www.escardio.org/Guidelines/Clinical-Practice-Guidelines/Atrial-Fibrillation
  2. https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/45/36/3314/7738779
  3. https://www.escardio.org/static-file/Escardio/Guidelines/Documents/ehaa612.pdf
  4. https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/42/5/373/5899003
  5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32860505/

Our advantages:

patient2376100
Best practices from USA, EU and Japan
Our answers to your questions are based on the clinical recommendations of countries with the most developed healthcare systems in the field of cardiology in the USA, the EU and Japan.
prescription18648039
Always up-to-date information
On a daily basis, we monitor for you all new scientific research publications in leading scientific journals on medical issues of interest to you.
We monitor all innovations and changes in the field of cardiac disease treatment on a daily basis.
fvfflf7q
Get second opinion
Here you can learn everything that even your doctor may not know about cardiology (if he does not speak English and he does not read 117 leading medical journals on cardiology every month).
1xr4duup
The most comprehensive and up-to-date collection of free cardiology materials
Our website contains the most comprehensive and up-to-date collection of free cardiology materials in your country.
Every 3-5 years, half of the scientific approaches to treatment in the field of cardiology are reviewed as a result of specialized scientific discoveries. With us, you don't have to wait these years to learn about the best ways to treat you and your loved ones.
arrow
Please register in order to receive information regarding possible complications and new approaches to treatment of cardiovascular diseases via email in our Newsletters.
arrow