Self-Catheterization for Males

Introduction

Self-catheterization is a procedure that allows individuals to empty the bladder when they are unable to do so naturally. It is commonly used for conditions such as urinary retention, neurogenic bladder dysfunction, or after certain surgeries.

When is Self-Catheterization Necessary?

Self-catheterization may be required in cases of: - Neurological disorders (e.g., spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, stroke, Parkinson’s disease) - Prostate issues (e.g., benign prostatic hyperplasia, post-prostate surgery recovery) - Urinary retention due to weak bladder muscles or bladder outlet obstruction

Steps for Self-Catheterization

1. Hand Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water.
2. Prepare Equipment: Ensure you have a clean catheter (preferably pre-lubricated or hydrophilic), antiseptic wipes, and a container if necessary.
3. Positioning: Sit or stand comfortably. Relaxing the pelvic muscles helps with the process.
4. Lubrication: If the catheter is not pre-lubricated, apply a water-based lubricant to reduce friction.
5. Insertion: Gently insert the catheter into the urethral opening and advance it slowly until urine starts to flow.
6. Complete Drainage: Allow all urine to drain completely to prevent infections.
7. Withdrawal: Slowly remove the catheter once the flow stops, disposing of it properly if it is a single-use type.
8. Post-Procedure Hygiene: Wash hands again to minimize the risk of infection.

Key Tips to Prevent Complications

• Use a sterile or clean catheter to prevent infections.
• Avoid forceful insertion to reduce injury risk.
• Maintain good hydration to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs).
• Follow your healthcare provider’s guidelines regarding frequency and technique.

Possible Complications

• Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) – Maintain hygiene and proper technique to reduce the risk.
• Urethral Injury – Avoid excessive force during insertion.
• Bleeding – Mild spotting may occur initially, but persistent bleeding should be evaluated by a doctor.

Conclusion

Self-catheterization is a safe and effective method to manage urinary retention when done correctly. Proper hygiene and adherence to medical recommendations help minimize complications. If discomfort, bleeding, or repeated infections occur, consult your healthcare provider immediately.

Source recommendations

1. European Association of Urology Guidelines

1. https://uroweb.org/guidelines
2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35346519/
3. https://uroweb.org/guidelines/prostate-cancer
4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31443960/
5. https://uroweb.org/guidelines/urological-infections

2. American Urological Association Guidelines

1. https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines
2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27497791/
3. https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines/non-oncology-guidelines
4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27238616/
5. https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines/oncology-guidelines