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We provide our users the most up-to-date and accurate information on the treatment and prevention of cardio pathologies in accordance with current American and European clinical guidelines.
The information provided on this website is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult a licensed physician for diagnosis and treatment.
Understanding Slow Heart Rate (Bradycardia)
Introduction
A slow heart rate, medically known as bradycardia, is when the heart beats fewer than 60 times per minute. While a low heart rate can be normal for some individuals, especially athletes, in other cases, it may indicate an underlying health issue.
Causes of Bradycardia
Bradycardia can result from various factors, including: - Aging – The heart’s electrical system may weaken over time. - Heart diseases – Conditions like heart block, myocarditis, or ischemic heart disease can contribute. - Hypothyroidism – An underactive thyroid can slow the heart rate. - Electrolyte imbalances – Low potassium or calcium levels can affect electrical signals. - Medications – Beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and other heart medications may slow the heart. - Sleep apnea – Disorders affecting breathing during sleep can impact heart rhythm. - Certain infections – For example, Lyme disease can cause bradycardia.
Symptoms of Bradycardia
Not everyone with bradycardia experiences symptoms, but when they do, it may include: - Fatigue or weakness - Dizziness or lightheadedness - Shortness of breath - Chest pain or discomfort - Fainting (syncope) - Confusion or memory problems
Diagnosis
To diagnose bradycardia, doctors may use: - Electrocardiogram (ECG) – To record the heart's electrical activity. - Holter monitor – A portable ECG worn for 24 hours or longer. - Blood tests – To check for thyroid function and electrolyte levels. - Echocardiogram – To assess structural heart problems.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Options may include: - Medication adjustments – If certain drugs are causing bradycardia, doctors might change the dosage or switch medications. - Pacemaker implantation – A small device that helps regulate heartbeats if the heart's natural pacing system fails. - Treating underlying conditions – Managing hypothyroidism, balancing electrolytes, or treating infections.
Lifestyle Considerations
To support heart health and prevent worsening bradycardia: - Maintain a balanced diet rich in heart-healthy nutrients. - Stay hydrated and maintain proper electrolyte balance. - Avoid excessive use of alcohol, smoking, and recreational drugs. - Engage in regular physical activity as recommended by your doctor.
Conclusion
Bradycardia is sometimes harmless but can lead to significant health risks if left untreated. Identifying symptoms early and seeking medical care can improve outcomes and overall heart health.
Source recommendations
1. American Heart Association Guidelines on Bradycardia
- https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/bradycardia--slow-heart-rate
- https://cpr.heart.org/-/media/cpr-files/cpr-guidelines-files/algorithms/algorithmacls_bradycardia_200612.pdf
- https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000628
- https://cpr.heart.org/en/resuscitation-science/cpr-and-ecc-guidelines/algorithms
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30586772/
2. European Society of Cardiology Guidelines on Cardiac Arrhythmias
- https://www.escardio.org/Guidelines/Clinical-Practice-Guidelines/Ventricular-Arrhythmias-and-the-Prevention-of-Sudden-Cardiac-Death
- https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/43/40/3997/6675633
- https://www.escardio.org/Guidelines/Clinical-Practice-Guidelines/Supraventricular-Tachycardia
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36017572/
- https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.cir.0000091380.04100.84
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If you or your loved ones experience any of these symptoms, you should consult a doctor in time. Remember that self-medication can be dangerous, and timely diagnosis will preserve the quality and life expectancy.
The heart is an organ that does not know how to "keep silent" if something goes wrong. Chest pain, shortness of breath, swelling, dizziness, and rhythm disturbances are the symptoms that require our attention. The best prevention of heart disease is careful attention to your health, regular checkups with a doctor, and a healthy lifestyle. Take care of your heart, and it will serve you for many years!
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